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Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Trump signs executive order on social media moderation

05-28-2020 , 09:11 AM
A draft of the proposed now signed order has been leaked (see also: Business Insider, CNN). Apparently some version of this was floated a year ago and dropped after pushback from the FCC.

It's not actually certain that a final version will be the same as the leaked draft, but this seems to be the relevant section:

Quote:
Sec. 2. Protections Against Arbitrary Restrictions (a) It is the policy of the United States to foster clear, nondiscriminatory ground rules promoting free and open debate on the Internet. Prominent among those rules is the immunity from liability created by section 230(c) of the Communications Decency Act (section 230). 47 U.S.C 230. It is the policy of the United States that the scope of that immunity should be clarified.

Section 230(c) was designed to address court decisions from the early days of the Internet holding that an online platform that engaged in any editing or restriction of content posted by others thereby became itself a "publisher" of the content and could be liable for torts like defamation. As the title of section 230(c) makes clear, the provision is intended to provide liability "protection" to a provider of an interactive computer service (such as an online platform like Twitter) that engages in "'Good Samaritan' blocking" of content when the provider deems the content (in the terms of subsection 230(c)(2)(A)) obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy, excessively violent, harassing, or otherwise objectionable.

Subsection 230(c)(1) broadly states that no provider of an interactive compujter service shall be treated as a publisher or speaker of content provider by another person. But subsection 230(c)(2) qualifies that principle when the provider edits the content provided by others. Subparagraph (c)(2) specifically addresses protections from "civil liability" and clarifies that a provider is protected from liability when it acts in "good faith" to restrict access to content that it considers to be "obscene, lewd, ... (snip)...."

The provision does not extend to deceptive or pretextual actions restricting online content or actions inconsistent with an online platform's terms of service. When an interactive computer service provider removes or restricts access to content and its actions do not meet the criteria of subparagraph (c)(2)(A), it is engaged in editorial conduct. By making itself an editor of content outside the protections of subparagraph (c)(2)(A), such a provider forfeits any protection from being deemed a "publisher or speaker" under subsection 230(c)(1), which properly applies only to a provider that merely provides a platform for content supplied by others. It is the policy of the United States that all departments and agencies should apply section 230(c) according to the interpretation set out in this section.
And here is what FCC is supposed to do about it:

Quote:
(b) To further advance the policy described in subsection (a) of this section, within 30 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, through the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), shall file a petition for rulemaking with the FCC requesting that the FCC expeditiously propose regulations to clarify:
(i) the conditions under which an action restricting access to or availability of material is not "taken in good faith" within the meaning of subparagraph (c)(2)(A) of section 230, particularly the conditions under which such actions will be considered to be:
(1) deceptive, pretextual, or inconsistent with a provider's terms of service; or

(2) the result of inadequate notice, the productive of unreasoned explanation, or having been undertaken without a meaningful opportunity to be heard; and
(ii) Any other proposed regulations that the NTIA concludes may be appropriate to advance the policy described in subsection (a) of this section.
Updates:

Apparently the order has been issued. I'm not sure if there were any changes to the text but the reporting sounds like it's basically the same.

Official text here: https://www.whitehouse.gov/president...ne-censorship/ (see also this post)

Last edited by well named; 05-28-2020 at 05:59 PM.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 09:21 AM
Speaking from some experience, I don't think it's really possible to implement the "taken in good faith" criterion described in any reasonably objective way. Obviously the immediate problem is just that what Trump really wants is a federal bureaucracy that will punish his enemies and reward his friends on whatever flimsy pretext works, but even in a benign administration the actual administration of this policy seems pretty Orwellian, compared to the existing, more sweeping, interpretation of the law.

When I contemplate how this would actually work in practice, I am reminded of this interview with Ken White (@popehat), about the idea of carving out exceptions to speech rights intended to curb hateful speech (sort of the opposite of what Trump wants, but the principle seems right from both directions):

Quote:
The legal system disfavors the powerless — particularly racial and religious minorities. Rules devised by the system tend to do the same. The way the system works tends to do the same.

But — here’s the key — exceptions to constitutional rights absolutely follow the pattern. Put another way, any exception to free speech will be disproportionately applied against the powerless, and especially people of color.

The history of free speech law bears this out. Very little of it is about trying to put limits on racists. Most of it is about trying to put limits on the powerless — about the system finding excuses to jail poor people, people of color, unpopular people.
This EO is basically another example of @popehat's counter-argument.

(Re:Is it time to revisit the concept of freedom of speech?)
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 09:32 AM
Quote:
But — here’s the key — exceptions to constitutional rights absolutely follow the pattern. Put another way, any exception to free speech will be disproportionately applied against the powerless, and especially people of color.
Well that will be if liberals refuse to do it and leave it to the likes of trump.

The evidence from liberal democracies that do have hate speech laws is that it does not follow this pattern.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 09:56 AM
I was surprised twitter picked that tweet and than to fact check it used CNN article. If anything you think they would pick the dead woman one were Trumps trying to blame Joe

They are a private company I have no clue how anything he signs will even work
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 10:25 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by chezlaw
Well that will be if liberals refuse to do it and leave it to the likes of trump.

The evidence from liberal democracies that do have hate speech laws is that it does not follow this pattern.
So what’s the evidence? I’m curious
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 10:34 AM
Sites aren't censoring conservative speech, they are censoring potentially dangerous misinformation. And it just so happens that at this point in history, the conservative movement is full of just that. Now, if this is a right thing to do, is another debate.

Regardless, it is pretty clear the executive order comes around because the president lied about elections and got flagged on twitter. The responsible thing to do would be to stop lying, not hide your personal vendetta behind executive orders.

An interesting debate on the topic at large (at least in my head) is the difference between individual free speech and amplifying your speech. For example, if using bot networks, brigading and troll farms is the digital equivalent of installing loudspeakers all over a neighborhood and blasting your neighbors 24-7.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 10:45 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by tame_deuces
An interesting debate on the topic at large (at least in my head) is the difference between individual free speech and amplifying your speech. For example, if using bot networks, brigading and troll farms is the digital equivalent of installing loudspeakers all over a neighborhood and blasting your neighbors 24-7.
Interesting idea.

I remember reading Lawrence Lessig's book Code, which includes a really interesting discussion on the history of interpretation of the 4th amendment's protections against "unreasonable search and seizure." Specifically, he talks about the idea that new technologies reveal "latent ambiguities" in the text, e.g. in the debate in the 60s about whether or not the 4th amendment should apply to phone wiretaps.

It definitely seems to me that you can argue that the internet and new communications technologies create problems that weren't easily foreseen by the first amendment, in somewhat similar ways. But I'm still not really sure what the best way of approaching that problem.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:09 AM
the platform vs publisher thing has been a meme for bad legal takes for a few years.

i have not read the full order yet, but going from what WN posted i don't see how tagging a post "potentially misleading" is editing, censoring, or in "bad faith" so i dont know what this would even accomplish.

also twitter should obviously just remove trumps account if they had any stones. but i do think that Trump attacking the tech giants in an election year is probably going to be great fundraising for the dems.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:12 AM
I think Trump is actually correct if you go by the intent of the law.

It's up to Twitter to change it's tos to not allow political campaigning or something to that effect.

Just say if you're in office or running for office you can't use the platform. We'd all be better off.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:31 AM
to get all lawbros will save us, the original act was designed to protect sites from defamation type civil lawsuits, and the truth is an absolute defense to those so twitter would have no fear in correcting false claims from defamation suits other than having to deal with trump and co filing the the initial suit in an non anti-slapp state before its inevitably thrown out for being baseless.

section 3 is about prohibiting government agencies from spending money on advertising on social media that violates his policy. so the Military would have to stop advertising on social media which would be a HUGE WIN in my book.

section 4 of the EO appears to be nonsense about attempting to force private companies to adhere to the first amendment.
-- and then goes on to say that there will be an office set up to monitor and create watch lists of users based on their interactions on the platform and monitor other activity..
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:34 AM
Twitter is basically a nightmare. Whenever facebook first came about I resisted it at first because I'm like that, but eventually succumbed and still have it because of messenger/facebook marketplace.
And then twitter came along shortly after and the way it was promoted by the media made it pretty clear that it wasn't going to be doing anyone any good--all of a sudden twitter went from being nothing to being talked about constantly. And stuff like that doesn't happen by accident. It's basically reduced discourse to the lowest common denominator and that would seem to be the intention. And I highly doubt that any executive order will be fixing it.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:34 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by tame_deuces
Sites aren't censoring conservative speech, they are censoring potentially dangerous misinformation. And it just so happens that at this point in history, the conservative movement is full of just that. Now, if this is a right thing to do, is another debate.

Regardless, it is pretty clear the executive order comes around because the president lied about elections and got flagged on twitter. The responsible thing to do would be to stop lying, not hide your personal vendetta behind executive orders.

An interesting debate on the topic at large (at least in my head) is the difference between individual free speech and amplifying your speech. For example, if using bot networks, brigading and troll farms is the digital equivalent of installing loudspeakers all over a neighborhood and blasting your neighbors 24-7.
I disagree when the Covington thing went down. The left got a way with a ton including Doxing and threats to the kid. Lets face it one of the reasons Rogan left Youtube was their bias and restrictions. They are private businesses and have that right
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:44 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by well named
Interesting idea.

I remember reading Lawrence Lessig's book Code, which includes a really interesting discussion on the history of interpretation of the 4th amendment's protections against "unreasonable search and seizure." Specifically, he talks about the idea that new technologies reveal "latent ambiguities" in the text, e.g. in the debate in the 60s about whether or not the 4th amendment should apply to phone wiretaps.

It definitely seems to me that you can argue that the internet and new communications technologies create problems that weren't easily foreseen by the first amendment, in somewhat similar ways. But I'm still not really sure what the best way of approaching that problem.
The problem Lessig describes is inherent to constitutional law. And it is one of the main arguments for why strict textualism is a wrong-headed approach to constitutional law.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:49 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Slighted
section 4 of the EO appears to be nonsense about attempting to force private companies to adhere to the first amendment.
-- and then goes on to say that there will be an office set up to monitor and create watch lists of users based on their interactions on the platform and monitor other activity..
Here it is:

Quote:
Sec. 4. Federal Review of Unfair or Deceptive Practices.

(a) It is the policy of the United States that large social media platforms, such as Twitter and Facebook, as the functional equivalent of a traditional public forum, should not infringe on protected speech. The Supreme Court has described that social media sites, as the modern public square, "can provide perhaps the most powerful mechanisms available to a private citizen to make his or her voice heard." Packingham v. North Carolina, 137 S. Ct. 1730, 1737 (2017). Communication through these channels has become important for meaningful participation in American Democracy, including to petition elected leaders. These sites are providing a public forum for others to engage in free expression and debate. Cf. PruneYard SHopping Center v. Robins, 447 U.S. 74, 56-89 (1980).

(b) In May of 2019, the White House Office of Digital Strategy created a Tech Bias Reporting tool to allow Americans to report incidents of online censorship. In just weeks, the White House received over 16,000 complaints of online platforms censoring or otherwise taking action against users based on their political viewpoints. The White House Office of Digital Strategy shall reestablish the White House Tech Bias Reporting Tool to collect complaints of online censorship and other potentially unfair or deceptive acts or practices by online platforms and shall submit complaints received to the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).

...

(d) For large internet platforms that are vast arenas for public debate, including the social media platform Twitter, the FTC shall also consider whether complaints allege violations of law that implicate the policies set forth in section 4(a) of this order. The FTC shall develop a report describing such complaints and make the report publicly available, consistent with applicable law.
It seems pretty clear this doesn't really do anything. It's very clearly not against the law for platforms to censor as much or as little as they want, so this seems entirely symbolic.

I snipped (c), about investigating "deceptive practices," but it seems like it's similarly implausible that it could actually do anything.

Of course I kind of doubt anything in this order (or any final version) really goes anywhere, but it seems like only the first section really even tries to get off the ground. Section 4 is just "lets collect a bunch of complaints and go through the motions of writing a report about them."
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:51 AM
You're pretending that words have meaning in a world where the administration gets away with arguing that "shall" doesn't mean "shall" and that the emoluments clause is not being violated. The only question worth asking is if Mitch McConnell will vote to impeach if Trump ****s with Twitter.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:55 AM
I sort of agree with the argument that the largest social media platforms are de facto public forums, at least roughly. And I've even pondered before whether or not it would be reasonable to have more regulation (leaving aside the legal impediments). I think the CloudFlare blog made an interesting argument, back in 2017, that due process is perhaps as important as speech protections. I think there are at least interesting arguments there.

But obviously it can't be done by executive order, and then it's like who do I trust less to be responsible for this?
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 11:56 AM
I'm guessing that this means Trump's internal polling is showing that he will lose. Why else would he start a fight with his best medium?

What is the play you ask? To created competing social media platforms for Conservatives after he leaves office, utilizing the Trump brand.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:02 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by MrWookie
You're pretending that words have meaning in a world where the administration gets away with arguing that "shall" doesn't mean "shall" and that the emoluments clause is not being violated. The only question worth asking is if Mitch McConnell will vote to impeach if Trump ****s with Twitter.
I'm not making any assumptions about the executive branch acting properly, but I think there's an important difference between the emoluments/tax documents stuff and what would happen with this EO.

The difference is basically: what happens when there's gridlock between branches? Basically: nothing. In the emoluments case, it means Trump doesn't hand over documents because no one forces him to do so.

In a similar way, the status quo here is that online platforms keep operating under the law as it exists, because no one will compel them to do otherwise. I don't think the FBI is going to like raid Twitter HQ after losing a court case, or something. Maybe by Trump's third term :P
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:09 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Smudger2408
I'm guessing that this means Trump's internal polling is showing that he will lose. Why else would he start a fight with his best medium?

What is the play you ask? To created competing social media platforms for Conservatives after he leaves office, utilizing the Trump brand.
to do this he would need to leave twitter on his own WHILE still president in order to really gain some ground on a new platform, and he doesn't have that in him. who gives a **** where the EXpresident posts his dementia rants, what matters is where trump posts his sundowner rants right now.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:15 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by lozen
I was surprised twitter picked that tweet and than to fact check it used CNN article. If anything you think they would pick the dead woman one were Trumps trying to blame Joe

They are a private company I have no clue how anything he signs will even work
Twitter’s fact check policy only relates to specific election centric twits. That is why only election fraud tweets got fact checked and not his other thousands of lies.

It is a stupid limit by twitter to pretend they were doing something. They will likely buckle to the weeping tears of republican snowflakes. Facebook and Zuckerberg are just straight up evil and do not give two ****s.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:16 PM
Slighted, you are grossly underestimating the Trump brand with 25% of the country.

He can do whatever he wants and will immediately gain traction. Network, social media platform, newsmagazines, maybe all of the above.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:17 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Luckbox Inc
Twitter is basically a nightmare. Whenever facebook first came about I resisted it at first because I'm like that, but eventually succumbed and still have it because of messenger/facebook marketplace.
And then twitter came along shortly after and the way it was promoted by the media made it pretty clear that it wasn't going to be doing anyone any good--all of a sudden twitter went from being nothing to being talked about constantly. And stuff like that doesn't happen by accident. It's basically reduced discourse to the lowest common denominator and that would seem to be the intention. And I highly doubt that any executive order will be fixing it.
Facebook is the worst major internet company by a massive margin. Color me surprised that you use it regularly.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:22 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by well named
Here it is:



It seems pretty clear this doesn't really do anything. It's very clearly not against the law for platforms to censor as much or as little as they want, so this seems entirely symbolic.

I snipped (c), about investigating "deceptive practices," but it seems like it's similarly implausible that it could actually do anything.

Of course I kind of doubt anything in this order (or any final version) really goes anywhere, but it seems like only the first section really even tries to get off the ground. Section 4 is just "lets collect a bunch of complaints and go through the motions of writing a report about them."
From what I have read, the precedent for these sites being public squares is not there. In fact the precedent opposes this concept.
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:23 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Smudger2408
I'm guessing that this means Trump's internal polling is showing that he will lose. Why else would he start a fight with his best medium?

What is the play you ask? To created competing social media platforms for Conservatives after he leaves office, utilizing the Trump brand.
this is quite a reach lol
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote
05-28-2020 , 12:30 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by well named
I'm not making any assumptions about the executive branch acting properly, but I think there's an important difference between the emoluments/tax documents stuff and what would happen with this EO.



The difference is basically: what happens when there's gridlock between branches? Basically: nothing. In the emoluments case, it means Trump doesn't hand over documents because no one forces him to do so.



In a similar way, the status quo here is that online platforms keep operating under the law as it exists, because no one will compel them to do otherwise. I don't think the FBI is going to like raid Twitter HQ after losing a court case, or something. Maybe by Trump's third term :P
The notion that if Trump wants to **** with Twitter, nothing will happen seems naive

https://www.theguardian.com/books/20...nline-retailer
Trump signs executive order on social media moderation Quote

      
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