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Obama DOJ on State Secrets Obama DOJ on State Secrets

02-10-2009 , 09:09 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Borodog
Regarding every single decision to come out of the Obama admin, from fear mongering, to cabinet picks, to destroying the economy, to killing Pakistani civilians, to this:

Told you so.
meh, at least he's closing Gitmo ..... one day .... maybe .... sorta
02-10-2009 , 09:15 PM
Quote:
"If you decide today precipitously to waive this privilege, you can't get it back,
an administration official said. "If you decide to assert it, you can always retract it in the future."
It's a ridiculous, unchecked power for a President to have. No President should have it in the first place, let alone need time to deliberate whether or not they should keep it. Sullivan's defense is yet another in the long line of Obama's apologists demanding patience to reserve judgment when Obama does something indefensible. Even if Obama eventually reconsiders and stops utilizing the State Secrets Privilege to dismiss cases out of hand, they've already done it once too many times. That Obama is even considering retaining this power, it's demonstrative of a fundamentally corrupted mindset and a abject backpedal on his promise for transparency and respect for the rule of law.

Last edited by DVaut1; 02-10-2009 at 09:24 PM.
02-10-2009 , 09:25 PM
The Ambinder article I mentioned above has a little more detail:

Quote:
Though Justice Department prosecutors tended to the case during the presidential transition, senior Obama administration officials at the department were involved in a brief but detailed review of the case; they included Eric Holder, the attorney general, who has been on the job for less than a week. The director of the CIA hasn't been confirmed yet; at the time of his hearing last week, nominee Leon Panetta had been briefed about some ongoing issues, but was not yet read in to most of the agency's classified activities.
Quote:
The officials who spoke would not discuss the particulars of the case. They did agree to discuss the various cross-pressures that the administration finds itself facing.

One is that many Obama administration legal experts believe that the privilege was recklessly abused during the past six years in particular, and that its application became political or punitive. To that end, Holder directed his staff to review all current assertions of privilege -- a review that won't be completed for several more weeks.
and later he adds:

Quote:
One problem: the glut of cases courts are dealing with force the administration's hand. "Courts are not going to allow them to have as much time to think through the policies," said Robert Chesney, a University of Texas authority on national security law.

Retracting the privilege in this case might subject the government to a host of claims that it cannot fight; it makes sense that the administration wants to manage how it handles the issue of accountability.

Then there are the secrets themselves.

Public documents in the case cite the cooperation with the U.S. of Pakistan and Morocco, but the government has hinted that a trial would necessitate the release of information that bears on many other countries as well, countries which may have signed classified security arrangements with the United States, and countries who don't torture but would retract their intelligence cooperation if its nature was to be publicly disclosed.

Similarly, though the Obama administration has promised to stop rendering prisoners to countries that torture, Obama might well wish to keep up intelligence cooperation on other matters; if a country like Jordan, which is known to have taken rendered prisoners and known to have cooperated on a secret basis with the U.S. on many other activities, decides that their internal political risk is too great, they may withdraw cooperation altogether. A new administration needs to be very careful about the signals it sends.
I'm not saying I agree with this analysis: just passing it on.
02-10-2009 , 09:29 PM
DVaut1,

Who are you and what have you done with DVaut1?
02-10-2009 , 09:37 PM
I don't think I've said anything out of character. In fact I'm pretty sure Wynton and I have been down this road a couple of times before over a similar topic (ie, how aggresive Obama should be in rolling back incredibly dangerous Bush policies like this, or how complicit he's been in seeing them enacted -- this and voting to grant immunity to telecoms, for instance).
02-10-2009 , 09:42 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by DVaut1
It's a ridiculous, unchecked power for a President to have. No President should have it in the first place, let alone need time to deliberate whether or not they should keep it. Sullivan's defense is yet another in the long line of Obama's apologists demanding patience to reserve judgment when Obama does something indefensible. Even if Obama eventually reconsiders and stops utilizing the State Secrets Privilege to dismiss cases out of hand, they've already done it once too many times. That Obama is even considering retaining this power, it's demonstrative of a fundamentally corrupted mindset and a abject backpedal on his promise for transparency and respect for the rule of law.
Just like shopping at the supermarket, you get what you paid for even if the item was mislabeled.
02-10-2009 , 09:45 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Jimbo
Just like shopping at the supermarket, you get what you paid for even if the item was mislabeled.
What?
02-10-2009 , 09:46 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Borodog
What?
i think its his dennis green "he is who we thought he is" moment
02-10-2009 , 09:59 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Jimbo
Just like shopping at the supermarket, you get what you paid for even if the item was mislabeled.
at the grocery store I worked at in high school, you get things for free if they are mislabeled... very interesting
02-11-2009 , 11:15 AM
http://www.salon.com/opinion/greenwa...ets/index.html

^
Greenwald rightly points out the shoddy "journalism" on display from Ambinder, which Wynton cited above (although he admittedly didn't defend it, just passed it on):

Quote:
On the day of the hearing, Ambinder wrote a misleading, knee-jerk defense of the Obama administration based on random thoughts that had popped into his head and which reflected a total lack of understanding even of the basic issues. After being criticized for that, he announced yesterday that he was "going to spend some more time on the phone this afternoon attempting to figure out why the Obama Administration ratified the invocation of the state secrets' privilege yesterday." Then, a few hours later, he wrote a post once again defending the Obama administration, this time based largely on what anonymous Obama officials told him. I'm going to address the "substance" of those claims in a minute, but first, consider what Ambinder actually did to "report" on this story:

He called up "administration officials," granted them full anonymity to defend their position (without bothering to explain why anonymity was warranted here), did not offer a single identifying fact about who these "officials" are, and then faithfully wrote down what they said, without a word of questioning or skepticism. He then found two independent sources who also praised Obama's decision. He did not cite or quote a single source critical of any of these claims -- including even the ACLU's Wizner, who he never bothered to call to ask for comment. It was a completely one-sided act of uncritical administration-amplifying stenography -- "anonymous administration officials say X and I'm going to write that down and pass it on uncritically and then praise it" -- which is exactly what many Beltway reporters have long meant when they praise themselves for doing "original reporting."

Ambinder's Atlantic colleague, Andrew Sullivan, quickly praised Ambinder for his "reporting" and -- after arguing just two days ago that Obama was becoming retroactively complicit in Bush's torture program as a result of shielding it from scrutiny -- changed his mind and has now decided that Obama's embrace of Bush's state secrets theory shows how wonderfully "pragmatic" (the all-purpose Obama-justifying term) and thoughtful and sober Obama's governing style is.
Quote:
what Ambinder just did here isn't any different than what Robert Gibbs would do if asked about this incident -- namely: convey what DOJ officials said, perhaps cite an outside source that agrees, and leave it at that. That isn't "reporting"; by definition, it's subservient pro-administration stenography. And nobody who objected to this practice when it served the Bush agenda should cheer it on when it serves the Obama agenda. The position of White House spokesman is already filled; nobody needs "reporters" replicating that function.
The bolded above is exactly what the left (rightly) criticized journalists for doing during the Bush Administration. Again, it's absolutely no better when the Obama Administration is left similarly unaccountable.

And then he essentially gets to the heart of why Ambinder's handwaving is meaningless anyway; there's no genuine excuse for the DoJ's behavior for anyone who shares the premises that Obama campaigned on: namely, respect for the rule of law and government transparency in serious matters like "whether or not the American government tortures people":

Quote:
this is a case where the Obama DOJ is working actively to preserve one of the linchpins of those abuses: expansive secrecy and immunity from judicial proceedings in order to conceal government crimes. That conduct is directly contrary to Obama's general commitment to restore transparency and, worse, his specific opposition to the Bush State Secrets privilege.

Whether someone thinks this is a good lawsuit or not is irrelevant, as is one's view about whether it contains actual secrets. It's the use of the State Secrets privilege as a means for evading all judicial accounability that the Obama DOJ is defending and, if they win, forever institutionalizing for themselves and future Presidents who want to break the law and then prevent courts of law from scrutinizing what they did.

Doing this is clearly designed to retain credibility with the CIA and avoid the political pressures that would come from a judicial adjudication of Bush's torture and rendition policies. Whatever the motives, the Obama DOJ is embracing exactly that which they claimed to oppose -- a dangerous weapon which is subject to very severe abuse -- and there is no plausible excuse for it.
Co-sign one million

The apologists will run around and just claim we don't know enough to judge. No ****ing kidding, that's the whole point of the criticism levied here: that the federal branch's abuse of this privilege leaves them wholly unaccountable.

Last edited by DVaut1; 02-11-2009 at 11:24 AM.
02-11-2009 , 11:48 AM
As I think I mentioned earlier, I agree with Greenwald that the defense that the administration was rushed seems implausible; for it's hard to fathom that any court would refuse a request for more time for a new administration to consider its position. I also don't condone Ambinder's use of anonymous sources.

But I'll try to amplify why I'm not sure that this controversy is really that important in the first place: simply put, the expansion of the state-secret doctrine - from a consideration whether certain documents should be kept secret to the more expansive view that an entire lawsuit can be dismissed - could, carefully tailored, be a distinction without a difference.

One can imagine circumstances where a lawsuit depends entirely upon documents that should be kept confidential. In such circumstances, it makes no difference whether the lawsuit is dismissed based on insufficient evidence, or dismissed due to the invocation of "state-secrets." The result is the same either way: the plaintiff loses.

I'm engaging in total speculation here: but perhaps the government's argument in the Ninth Circuit is that that particular lawsuit does uniquely depend on or is intertwined with confidential information, while acknowledging that outright dismissal is a remedy that could only be invoked in rare circumstances. Perhaps the government even set forth some kind of criterion for when dismissal is appropriate.

The counter-argument - which I actually think is the more sensible view - is that there is absolutely no benefit to adopting the government's position either, as it would, at most, streamline a procedure, while risking denying people their day in court, adding confusion and raising questions about due process.

By the way, though I don't know the makeup of the panel hearing the case, no one should be surprised if the Ninth Circuit (and even the Supreme Court) adopts the ACLU's position; and that outcome would be considerably better than the Obama administration merely withdrawing its argument.
02-11-2009 , 12:02 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by DVaut1
There were a crowd of people out there who ran around clucking about what a dangerous liberal radical was. If that same crowd is now out clucking about how they gazed into their crystal ball and it made it obvious very little would change, WTF were they doing before the election drumming up fears that Obama was a dangerous liberal radical anathema to the American way of life? They should have campaigned for the guy.
I was one of these people regarding his tax/spending agenda...... judging by the stimulLOL package, it looks like my suspicions were on target.
02-11-2009 , 12:06 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by pokerbobo
I was one of these people regarding his tax/spending agenda...... judging by the stimulLOL package, it looks like my suspicions were on target.
So you were right that Obama is a dangerous liberal radical anathema to the American way of life, while Jimbo was simultaneously right that Obama is more of the same and that his promise for Change was a bunch of baloney that anyone could see right through.
02-11-2009 , 12:14 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by DVaut1
So you were right that Obama is a dangerous liberal radical anathema to the American way of life, while Jimbo was simultaneously right that Obama is more of the same and that his promise for Change was a bunch of baloney that anyone could see right through.
Take a look at what he has done so far.... you be the judge.
02-11-2009 , 12:18 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by DVaut1
So you were right that Obama is a dangerous liberal radical anathema to the American way of life, while Jimbo was simultaneously right that Obama is more of the same and that his promise for Change was a bunch of baloney that anyone could see right through.
This is easy to reconcile:

What they're saying is that we always end up with presidents who are dangerous liberals, radical and anathema to the American way of life. For the past 200 years, it's been one endless cycle of pinko commie presidents.
02-11-2009 , 04:36 PM
More from Marc Ambinder

First, he admits that it is a legit question, why the Obama administration did not ask for more time:

Quote:
The answer, I take it, is not going to satisfy critics, but here it is, based on discussions with administration officials and outside experts: Mohamed v. Jeppesen will not be the vehicle used to review or recast the state secrets privilege. Aside from the assertion of the privilege, which has been reviewed, asking for a continuance would be publicly interpreted as a re-reviewing (and, indeed, a retracting) of its assertion of the privilege, and the Obama Administration has no plans to do so formally. They're sensitive to the politics of the case, but they're not motivated by what civil libertarians may write on their blogs.

Clearly, the Obama Administration does not believe that the state secrets privilege ought to be taken out of the government's tool box when facing civil suits. It does believe in exercising the privilege more judiciously.
The bolded language indicates that the general policy for invoking the states secret privilege has been settled, eliminating the hope some of us had that this could have been a temporary stance.

Interestingly, he adds:

Quote:
To the charge that Obama promised never to invoke the state secrets privilege to peremptorily dismiss a civil suit -- Obama aides do not believe he ever promised to do that, although Vice President Biden signed on to legislation that would have banned the practice
I have no independent recollection of what Obama said about the privilege; I wouldn't be surprised to learn that he gave the impression he would never invoke it, while leaving himself wiggle room to do otherwise.

And then he observes:

Quote:
One administration official said yesterday that the Jeppesen documents in question are tantamount to the case itself, so the distinction between challenging the evidence and challenging the litigant's right to bring the case isn't very clear.
This is what I was speculating about earlier: i.e., that the expansion of the privilege may not be much different, occasionally, in practice.

Still, I reiterate that I don't like what the administration is doing here. I consider it wholly unnecessary and contrary to the spirit of his campaign, if not his explicit promises.
02-11-2009 , 04:42 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by DVaut1
It's a ridiculous, unchecked power for a President to have. No President should have it in the first place, let alone need time to deliberate whether or not they should keep it. Sullivan's defense is yet another in the long line of Obama's apologists demanding patience to reserve judgment when Obama does something indefensible. Even if Obama eventually reconsiders and stops utilizing the State Secrets Privilege to dismiss cases out of hand, they've already done it once too many times. That Obama is even considering retaining this power, it's demonstrative of a fundamentally corrupted mindset and a abject backpedal on his promise for transparency and respect for the rule of law.
There's some policy lag here though...perhaps they reassert the old privilege while the ambitious/smart lawyers from Obama craft a new doctrine that allows for legitimate security yet also accommodates civil rights? I really do imagine it takes some time to right the behemoth that is the federal government.
02-11-2009 , 04:44 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by ConstantineX
There's some policy lag here though...perhaps they reassert the old privilege while the ambitious/smart lawyers from Obama craft a new doctrine that allows for legitimate security yet also accommodates civil rights? I really do imagine it takes some time to right the behemoth that is the federal government.
If Marc Ambinder is to be believed (see Wynton's post right above yours), that's not the case:

Quote:
Clearly, the Obama Administration does not believe that the state secrets privilege ought to be taken out of the government's tool box when facing civil suits.
The "DoJ ran out of time, there's policy lag, etc etc" defenses aren't all that compelling, for reasons Greenwald gets to:

Quote:
I'd be willing to bet that 90% of non-lawyers know what parties do in situations when there is a court deadline approaching and, for whatever reasons, they need more time. The Obama administration has certainly shown in the past that they know what to do.
Greenwald then cites two cases in the recent past (he's been in office less than a month) where Obama's DoJ has asked for more time:

Quote:
If, as Obama's Atlantic spokesman claims, this were really the problem -- that the Obama DOJ needed more time to review what they wanted to do -- then the solution is easy and obvious: you ask the court for more time. You don't march into court and explicitly advocate a Bush weapon that you've spent the last several years excoriating as a dangerous abuse of power -- thus risking that this tyrannical weapon becomes judicially approved and torture victims forever denied the right to a day in court.

Seeking more time is exactly what the Obama DOJ did in other cases -- so why not here if that were really the reason? And here, the ACLU actually suggested that the DOJ seek an extension and indicated their consent to any extension the DOJ wanted. Even the judges on the panel expected that the Obama DOJ would change positions. And this is a case where obtaining an extension is far easier than in those other cases, since -- unlike those other cases -- this isn't about whether someone gets released from detention. It's only a civil case with far less time-urgency.

The claim that the Obama DOJ was forced by a time deadline to embrace the Bush position is so absurd as to be insulting. Too bad the anonymous officials making this claim didn't have a reporter willing to challenge them.
To respond to Wynton's question:

Quote:
I have no independent recollection of what Obama said about the privilege; I wouldn't be surprised to learn that he gave the impression he would never invoke it, while leaving himself wiggle room to do otherwise.
From the Obama campaign website:

http://www.barackobama.com/issues/ethics/

Quote:
Plan to Change Washington

The Problem

Secrecy Dominates Government Actions: The Bush administration has ignored public disclosure rules and has invoked a legal tool known as the "state secrets" privilege more than any other previous administration to get cases thrown out of civil court.
I don't know that Obama ever said specifically he would NEVER invoke States Secrets, but he sure did imply that he saw it as a big problem and something that needed to change in Washington. If he merely meant "I'll use it less than Bush", that's still deplorable. Using States Secrets to dismiss cases out of hand is uniformly and normatively bad; there's no justification to do it once.

Last edited by DVaut1; 02-11-2009 at 04:56 PM.
02-11-2009 , 04:45 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by DVaut1
So you were right that Obama is a dangerous liberal radical anathema to the American way of life, while Jimbo was simultaneously right that Obama is more of the same and that his promise for Change was a bunch of baloney that anyone could see right through.
Yeah, I see what you are getting at, but liberal and "change" have multi-dimensional aspects. The constancy is the increased executive power of the Bush administration, used for very different ends.
02-11-2009 , 04:52 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by ConstantineX
There's some policy lag here though...perhaps they reassert the old privilege while the ambitious/smart lawyers from Obama craft a new doctrine that allows for legitimate security yet also accommodates civil rights? I really do imagine it takes some time to right the behemoth that is the federal government.
Personally, I find this to be the purest of apologetics. Does anyone really believe, for example, that if Ron Paul had miraculously won the election, that radical changes would not have begun at approximately 12 noon on January 20th, 2009?

Why hasn't Obama been busy crafting his "new doctrines" since election day? He's had two a half months. The obvious answer is that his "new doctrines" were always merely rhetorical devices, and that his actual doctrines will be all but cosmetically (if that) indistinguishable from the old doctrines.
02-11-2009 , 04:59 PM
These aren't the whispy doctrines of political debates. This is lawyers hunting down case law and judicial interpretations of executive power, stuff like that (I'm not a lawyer, I wouldn't know, but I have a general feeling). Names of doctrines like "originalism", "textualism" spring to mind. I'm inclined to check Volokh on this for that reason.
02-11-2009 , 05:02 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by ConstantineX
I'm inclined to check Volokh on this for that reason.
http://www.volokh.com/archives/archi...tml#1234284785

Here you go. He cites David Luban, who's on the Georgetown Law faculty:

Quote:
The state secrets privilege is the so-called "nuclear option" in litigation, which makes lawsuits against the government vanish without a trace by declaring unilaterally that all the facts the plaintiffs would use to prove their case are state secrets. With no facts to back the claim, plaintiffs' cases must be dismissed.

This one is particularly egregious, because most of the facts are well known and well documented through other sources. One question is whether the state secrets doctrine concerns facts or documents. That is: does it mean that government documents cannot be entered into evidence because they are secret? Or does it mean that the underlying facts are "state secrets" that can never be ventilated in an American courtroom, even if they are well known everywhere else in the world and the plaintiff can prove them using publicly available evidence?

The latter position -- that the state secrets privilege is a rule about facts, not about evidence -- is absurd, but it is the government's position. . . .

. . . Nobody doubts that there are legitimate state secrets -- but the Bushies, and now apparently the Obama/Holder DOJ, thought that anything that makes the U.S. government look bad should be a state secret. The theory is that disclosing government crime or misconduct would embarrass the government in the eyes of the world, and whatever embarrasses the government in the eyes of the world harms national security. This misbegotten theory holds that sunlight isn't the best disinfectant, it's the source of hideous wasting disease. Government wrongdoing must be concealed because, well, it's government wrongdoing.
Orin Kerr:

Quote:
Some readers take the principled view that the state secrets privilege either shouldn't exist or should be dramaticaly limited. If you take that view, then the Obama Administration's position remains deeply troubling.
I'm one of those people that believes states secrets ought not to be used how the Bush/Obama DoJ has used it; it's one thing to argue that specific, very specific pieces of evidence or documents are national security risks if allowed in a case. I think there are legitimate uses of States Secrets there. That's what States Secrets was originally designed to do.

What Bush (and now Obama) have used it to do is compel dismissal of entire lawsuits based on the claim that any judicial adjudication would harm national security. That's what I object to, and Obama's continued use of this is deeply troubling.

Obviously, if you're Jimbo and you think the terrorists know where a bomb might be somewhere in the world and should be tortured so we can find out and we plebes don't need to know about it because it's War and torturing people is what you do in a war to get the information you really want, then obviously Obama is doing a wonderfully righteous and practical thing. Obviously if you disagree with some of my premises here then what the DoJ is just great and commendable business as usual.

Last edited by DVaut1; 02-11-2009 at 05:10 PM.
02-11-2009 , 05:03 PM
Dvaut,

See this post from the blog "The Volokh Conspiracy". Passage of note:

Quote:
Marc Ambinder has an interesting post in which unnamed Obama Administration officials and national security law experts explain the Administration's continued reliance on the state secrets privilege in the Mohamed v. Jeppesen Dataplan case.

Officials decided that it would be imprudent to reverse course so abruptly because they realized they didn't yet have a full picture of the intelligence methods and secrets that underlay the privilege's assertions, because the privilege might correctly protect a state secret, and because the domino effect of retracting it could harm legitimate cases, both civil and criminal, that are already in progress.

"If you decide today precipitously to waive this privilege, you can't get it back, an administration official said. "If you decide to assert it, you can always retract it in the future." . . .

The officials who spoke would not discuss the particulars of the case. They did agree to discuss the various cross-pressures that the administration finds itself facing.

One is that many Obama administration legal experts believe that the privilege was recklessly abused during the past six years in particular, and that its application became political or punitive. To that end, Holder directed his staff to review all current assertions of privilege -- a review that won't be completed for several more weeks. . . .

The state secrets privilege has been bureaucratically calcified to an extent that worries many experts, with the Department of Justice making the decision about what's harmful more and more often, and the CIA and other intelligence agencies having less of a say. There is evidence that the privilege has always been used in this way, but that the Bush Administration's invocations were subject to more (legitimate) watchdogging from the press and outside interests. Some Obama administration officials believe that the privilege's assertion is legitimate, but that the Supreme Court, in the case which gave rise to the privilege, was much too deferential to the government.
Maybe that's a rehash of the research you've already done. The comments at this blog are generally very insightful though.
02-11-2009 , 05:17 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by ConstantineX
Dvaut,

See this post from the blog "The Volokh Conspiracy". Passage of note:

Maybe that's a rehash of the research you've already done. The comments at this blog are generally very insightful though.
It is a rehash but I'll go around again:

Quote:
Marc Ambinder has an interesting post in which unnamed Obama Administration officials and national security law experts explain the Administration's continued reliance on the state secrets privilege in the Mohamed v. Jeppesen Dataplan case.

Officials decided that it would be imprudent to reverse course so abruptly because they realized they didn't yet have a full picture of the intelligence methods and secrets that underlay the privilege's assertions, because the privilege might correctly protect a state secret, and because the domino effect of retracting it could harm legitimate cases, both civil and criminal, that are already in progress.
Quote:
One is that many Obama administration legal experts believe that the privilege was recklessly abused during the past six years in particular, and that its application became political or punitive. To that end, Holder directed his staff to review all current assertions of privilege -- a review that won't be completed for several more weeks. . . .
This is bizarre, since all the DoJ had to do to "get a full picture" and complete their review was ask the court for a delay. They didn't. They went in and asserted the privilege. I'm sympathetic to the fact that it's only three weeks into the term and they needed time to get their act together, but it's not a defense for what Obama did. They had options to give themselves time and didn't avail themselves of them.

And if Ambinder is right, the whole question of timing is irrelevant. Per Ambinder: "the Obama Administration does not believe that the state secrets privilege ought to be taken out of the government's tool box when facing civil suits."

Quote:
"If you decide today precipitously to waive this privilege, you can't get it back, an administration official said. "If you decide to assert it, you can always retract it in the future." . . .
My response to this earlier (which you quoted in your first response):

Quote:
It's a ridiculous, unchecked power for a President to have. No President should have it in the first place, let alone need time to deliberate whether or not they should keep it.
02-11-2009 , 05:21 PM
From what I've read, you're definitely right that it's a major PR mistake if Obama had that intention in mind, particularly given that the ACLU was willing to concede an extension of the case.

What blows me mind is how the Bush Administration was able to assert these specious "doctrines" in the first place. Your criterion clearly makes sense - specific acts, evidence, places, or things. How can such broad criteria for dismissal be accepted and not struck down by the courts? It seems to violate due process on its face, like a naked grab for power.

      
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