Quote:
Originally Posted by Kelhus999
I am pretty sure Marx and Engels argued that the nuclear family was a construction of capitalism, whose main function was to facilitate the ability of the bourgeoisie to exploit labor, and just as importantly pass down inherited wealth directly through a nuclear family structure. I have to say kinda makes sense.
I think you're referring to Engels'
The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. I think John's note about "construction" is basically right from what I recall, but I've only seen a few excerpts and read one of Engels' essays on the patriarchal family. I think it's clearly true that changes in political economy are tightly bound together with changes in kinship structures, but, where Marxists will highlight the economic causation, others (Weber, some recent work on the development of so-called WEIRD societies) discuss the role of religious development as well. The correlation between the two sets of developments is clear, but I'd guess the causation is a slightly more complicated story than Engels tells. I don't think the Marxist take is entirely without merit, though.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Kelhus999
This is actually something that lines up with Elizabeth Warren's arguments in her book "Two Income Trap" (full disclosure, I never read the actual book but rather a Vox article outlining the arguments of the book). Basically, she argued that due to women entering the workforce, and resultant wage stagnation and increase in housing and education prices, starting in the 70s-80s, suddenly it was necessary to have both parents working full-time for most families to sustain a middle class lifestyle, and families became much more fragile as a result.
So, it all kind of lines up, where it seems neoliberalism is constantly evolving society to streamline the process of wealth transfer from the working class to the bourgeoisie, where women entering the workforce en mass was one of the main cataclysmic events facilitating this.
I haven't read the book, but the
Vox article does not present the causality this way:
Quote:
The “two-income trap,” as described by Warren, really consists of three partially separate phenomena that have arisen as families have come to rely on two working adults to make ends meet:
- The addition of a second earner means, in practice, a big increase in household fixed expenses for things like child care and commuting.
- Much of the money that American second earners bring in has been gobbled up, in practice, by zero-sum competition for educational opportunities expressed as either skyrocketed prices for houses in good school districts or escalating tuition at public universities.
- Last, while the addition of the second earner has not brought in much gain, it has created an increase in downside risk by eliminating an implicit insurance policy that families used to rely on.
You're presenting women's entrance to the work force as a cause of wage stagnation where Warren is not. Rather the story is that a lot of the wage gains associated with going from one to two earners in a family are offset by other associated changes in spending, and other macro-economic factors.
From a very macro perspective on labor supply and demand I'm sure it's true that there was some impact on wages from the increase in labor supply during this time (though I've read some reasonable amount on the subject, I'm not aware of any estimates). The fact that men and women tended to enter different occupations also probably limits the impact, for the same reason that occupational complementarity is important in estimates of the impact of immigrants on native wages. The economists I've read who discuss this subject (mostly Goldin, I think?) seem to talk a lot more about other factors in wage stagnation since the 70s, primarily related to globalization and the role of technology development.
You're making it sound like there was this enormous economic vs moral trade-off in women entering the workforce and the research I've seen does not paint such a simple picture about the economic side. Other very major macro factors are probably more important. We agree about the moral argument though.
Also note-worthy in the Vox article is that the last point above dovetails with the argument about the problem of resiliency which Brooks raises, e.g. in highlighting "downside risk". He's probably actually read Warren's book :P
Quote:
Originally Posted by Kelhus999
Edit: In Warren's defense, her solution to the 2 income trap was not to argue women should go back to domestic life, but to modify existing laws, especially bankruptcy laws, so life wasn't so perilous for 2 income nuclear families.
And I think that is also a fine approach, particularly given that policies intended to make life less perilous for middle/low income families are not going to only be available to nuclear families. In general, I don't think Brooks is making a policy argument so much as a cultural/conceptual one, because our cultural ideals shape the decisions we collectively make, and those decisions are also consequential apart from policy.