Consider that appreciation of a thought is contained within the realm of non materiality for a thought cannot be measured or weighed .
From the modern scientific perspective a thought can only be a "nothing" and therefore cannot exist, but it does.
Following, a thought doesn't have to be related to our sensory apparatus which opens up the realm of "sense free thinking".
Zeno's paradox speaks to this as he fails to accustom his thinking to the sensory reality as the problem demands.
The mathematical field of "dynamics" is unrelated to the senses and when the scientist does connect this dynamical process to his sense bound reality it morphs into "mechanics". This morphed process demands a measurement of the sensory and ergo, mechanics.
Mechanics can not be accomplished without measurement but of course the dynamical arrangement is close but wanting without measurement.
Dynamics , as thinking process, is within the realm of "nothing" by scientific standards, but is very real.
this also leads to the scholastic battle between Aquinas and Averroes (was dead during the time of Aquinas) of Nominalism versus Realism. Aquinas triumphed in this battle for he presented the idea of thoughts and thinking as "the real" where his opponents considered the thoughts as no more than names, or conveniences of the word; no more than a tag.
Modern science and in fact the thrust of modern thinking is Nominalism as evidenced in this thread.