In our times, and in the West as we know it there is a powerful basis of the intellect, or intellectual thinking. Historically mankind displays the beginnings of the intellect by observing ancient Greece, the home of Greek philosophers, scientists and statesmen. this Greco-Roman age would be considered to run from about 740 B.C. until the 15th century.
Prior to those times the individual man had more of a direct perception of the object of cognition which included knowledge of the cosmos. The intellect or logic wasn't needed, so to speak , for it hadn't developed as of yet. Therefore we have Aristotle creating logic. or the reasonableness of Plato, or the meanderings of Heraclitus.
As usual it would be wrong to assume that man was then as he is now in all aspects especially his cognitive and knowledge gathering abilities.
We have continued in our age with an even more powerful intellectuality such that it is the possession of the common man, we're all smart. Differences arise secondary to the jargon of the platform such as the sciences , law and especially medicine.
If we go back 10,000 years in ancient India, we come upon the Vedas and Vedanta philosophy which are an echos of a comprehension which wasn't written down but passed to the individual only to be written in the age prior to the age of the Greeks(Egypto-Chaldean).
When this ancient Indian looked into himself and the origins of Man he saw Love, the warmth of a breezy Love to which he noted as the source of existence.All to that of which he sought was this sourceful Love, and in this the various Gods of the pillar stand evident.
The Buddha is the apotheosis of this source in which he gives his disciples guidance as to how to deal with life and the living; times , they are a changing. At the same time as the Buddha we have Socrates bringing forth out of his disciples answers to the questions of eternity. the Buddha gave answers and Socrates gave few but elicited from his disciples answers from within the man, the intellect with its power.
We are the children of Socrates but no longer have the ability to think on the objects of cognition such as the ancient Greek philosopher. The ancient Greek, when perceiving the object of cognition, saw in a picture like consciousness the spiritual basis of the sense bound object. They were together as parts to the whole and in this we have the wonderful philosophies of Grecian times . This Greek man knew that the thoughts were not his but of a higher cosmic origin.
Times change, religions lose their buff, and we implicitly believe that our thoughts are possessively ours or that the thoughts are an addition to the object of observation, the concepts intellectually driven don't count. this is the modern science, the thoughts may lead us to a fork in the road but they are no more than tools to the object of observation.
This is modern science which believes in "facts" or those which are driven under the microscopic or telescope or any measurable basis such as the meter somewhere in a tomb in Europe so that all can reference in the pursuit of science. the concept is insignificant but only a means to an end. Chop that bastard up to find those little parts and pieces as underlying reality.
I know, its long but a little history can help for it gets worse.
"Out of the blue" I am stating that the process of the intellectual or intellectual thought is a destructive process within the being of Man . The precursor to a thought is that matter in annihilated and the thought enters into this space which is the reflector to the soul of a man. One thinks within the nervous system and in the process the physical being of man is destroyed.
In the intellect the thinker cuts and chops off parts and pieces of reality and gives it stasis, a frozen picture and in this we suffer pain. Just as the corpse of a man destructs just so does the intellectual thinker of our times perform his destruction of being.
We think, and in a sense aberrantly, and there arises "fear" and "hate" the journeying maladroits of the river of our thoughts, our barrier to fecundation. The entire western culture has basis in history and a timeless presence in "fear" and "hate" . The thoughts broken down to our speech and written words, abstractions or which we all are aware and actually speak to proudly are the consequence of our river of "fear".
This is our burden and we are helped as the "Ego" or "I" , a body of man, progresses through this "fire" of life, not by receiving it as gift but through obstructions to progression within this life unto the next. the highest body of the human being,his "Ego" progresses only through hindrances and its concomitant sister "pain".
All of this appears disgustingly disturbed unless knowledge of recurrent lives and karma comes forth which does and will give one solace and understanding of the human soul and his spirit, the "Ego", a progression of the human being. One cannot study reincarnation and karma without gaining seeing the human being new, a powerful life of the Divine Immortal.