Quote:
Originally Posted by aflametotheground
Yes. Good or legit.
It's the claim to legitimacy that is at issue here, I think. Often the naturalistic fallacy is committed rather implicitly. I've seen it a number of times in conversations about gender roles on 2+2, and I think where Peterson falls into it the premise is often also left implicit. The chain of reasoning is something like
1) Some social outcomes in general, or social stratification in particular, are driven at least partially by biological/evolutionary factors
2) Biological differences are natural
C) Therefore, those outcomes are legitimate
C2) Therefore, many or most attempts to reduce social stratification are illegitimate and foolish
(C2) often also involves some kind of false dilemma. That is, I agree with you that it's reasonable to take into account that a certain amount of stratification in society is probably inevitable when crafting social policy. The false dilemma is usually in the (again often somewhat implicit) reasoning that
no social policy aimed at reducing inequality is legitimate, or in parallel the idea that
all and
any amount of inequality is legitimate as a consequence of (1) and (2).
So there's a few related problems in the argument, but the naturalistic fallacy is in reasoning from (2) to (C). So, for example, I think that the human tendency towards violence -- especially among young men -- has some large biological/evolutionary component. Violence is something like a human universal. Societies are in large part structured so as to try to restrain or otherwise control violence for the good of the society as a whole. Yet no one thinks that the naturalness of violence makes it automatically legitimate, or that laws against violence are misguided attempts at social engineering.
There are still, of course, many debates to be had about what kinds of laws or norms controlling violence are useful, necessary, beneficial, or justified. If it doesn't follow that violence is legitimate from the fact that it's natural, it also obviously doesn't follow that any particular approach to reducing violence is good. But the point is that violence being natural does not inherently settle any issue.
In the same way, recognizing (for example) that natural differences in intelligence between individuals contribute to socioeconomic differences may lead us to rule out some very extreme ideal of equality of outcome -- an ideal which is almost always a strawman anyway -- but otherwise is irrelevant to the question of whether any particular policy aimed at reducing inequality is worthwhile. This is especially true given that the impact of such natural differences on outcomes is usually measured to be smaller than non-biological causes, at least in all of the research I've seen. There is clearly room to reduce inequality by social policy if we value equality. When people argue against inequality as a social problem they tend either to err in treating the current extreme levels of inequality as inevitable -- which is not supportable -- or to err by treating them as legitimate on the basis of the naturalistic fallacy.