Time to resurrect this thread, knowing that nobody is likely to read this:
Supreme Court will hear case of Colorado baker who refused to make wedding cake for same-sex couple
Despite the seemingly-unimportant nature of a wedding cake, I think this is a really interesting case, and I think I agree with the cake baker's legal argument. The issue at hand is whether or not a baker can be compelled by the state to design and create custom cakes whose messages conflict with his religious beliefs. (This is not a case of a baker declining to sell an off-the-shelf cake to a gay couple, which I think would clearly be legally wrong.)
The petition is here:
http://www.scotusblog.com/wp-content...t-petition.pdf
Basic question:
Quote:
Whether applying Colorado’s public accommodations law to compel Phillips to create expression that violates his sincerely held religious beliefs about marriage violates the Free Speech or Free Exercise Clauses of the First Amendment.
Key background facts (I assume they are not in dispute):
- Baker designs and creates specially commissioned cakes.
- Baker runs his company in accordance with his religious beliefs (e.g., closes the company on Sundays)
- Baker has previously declined to create cakes that conflict with his religious beliefs in other contexts (e.g., cakes celebrating Halloween, cakes with hateful messages)
- Baker declined to design and create a cake celebrating same-sex couple's same-sex wedding, but offered to make any other cake for them
First two paragraphs of the introduction that provide what I think is a winning argument:
Quote:
The First Amendment prohibits the government from telling private citizens “what they must say.” Agency for Int’l Dev. v. Alliance for Open Soc. Int’l, Inc., 133 S. Ct. 2321, 2327 (2013). It is undisputed that the Colorado Civil Rights Commission (the “Commission”) does not apply CADA to ban (1) an African-American cake artist from refusing to create a cake promoting white-supremacism for the Aryan Nation, (2) an Islamic cake artist from refusing to create a cake denigrating the Quran for the Westboro Baptist Church, and (3) three secular cake artists from refusing to create cakes opposing same-sex marriage for a Christian patron. App. 78a; App. 297a-App. 331a.
Neither should CADA ban Jack Phillips’ polite declining to create a cake celebrating same-sex marriage on religious grounds when he is happy to create other items for gay and lesbian clients. See Obergefell v. Hodges, 135 S. Ct. 2584, 2607 (2015) (“[T]hose who adhere to religious doctrines, may continue to advocate with utmost, sincere conviction that, by divine precepts, same-sex marriage should not be condoned.”). But the Commission ruled that is exactly what the law requires and the Colorado Court of Appeals upheld that mandate on appeal. In so doing, that court approved nothing less than the “outright compulsion of speech.” Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass’n, 544 U.S. 550, 557 (2005).
Here, my thinking is just to suppose that a baker refused to design and create a cake celebrating the KKK (or the Westboro Baptist Church to keep it religious). In that hypothetical case, it seems clear to me that a baker shouldn't be compelled to express celebration of those entities. (I wouldn't want to be compelled to make that cake.) So it seems like a pretty clear First Amendment violation to compel different expression on someone because I happen to think his religious views are repugnant. And that's before considering the fact that the Colorado Civil Rights Commission does not compel artistic expression in the other cited cases.
So I'll be watching this case with interest, and it's a case where I think the morally wrong side has the winning legal argument.