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Originally Posted by Clovis8
Obviously no correct answer, but what does the world look like today if America responds to 9/11 without invading any nation?
This is an area I don't have much experience so I'm interested to learn more.
I think how an alternative-reality non-invasion Iraq would have dealt with the Arab Spring would have been largely up to Saddam Hussein's health. With him in power I think Iraq would have been able to suppress any movement of democratization fairly quickly. The same is true for Syria. THe only way he could have weakened himself enough is, if he had tried some form of intervention during the Iranian election protests of 2009, but I think he wasn't stupid enough to do that.
If Saddam had died before 2011 or was of weakened health during the Arab Spring, I could see a power struggle within the Baath party/ military that would weaken the state enough that we descend into a situation like the one Syria is in now. Without Russian support I could see a prolonged civil war. No idea whether an ISIS like organization gains power. Largely up to the global development of terrorism in that alternate reality I guess.