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Originally Posted by Tony Lepatata
when you fly from Nice to JFK you follow that nice arc that follows the curvature of the earth...how many miles does that save you approximately than if you just set course 270 and went straight?
What you're talking about is the difference between flying the
great circle route vs. flying the
rhumb line.
If you take a string and connect two points on a globe, you've got the great circle route...the shortest distance between those points. If you draw a straight line on a Mercator projection map, you've got the rhumb line which looks like the shortest route, but isn't.
I found a site that will calculate both the great circle and rhumb line distances, given the Lat/Lon of two points on the earth. (
http://www.movable-type.co.uk/scripts/latlong.html)
For Nice to JFK, the great circle route is ~3980 miles and the rhumb line distance is ~4153 miles...a difference of only 173 miles.
All other things being equal, we'd like to fly the great circle route but there are other considerations -- winds, turbulence, convective activity -- that often dictate a different route.
Quote:
how much leeway do you get within your assigned altitude? can you be +/- 100 feet and notice but not worry about getting back to the exact altitude? the displayed altitude is measuring AGL from where exactly? is it from the bottom of the landing gear? hull? wings? probably makes no difference in a little cessna but a 747 is a good 7 stories tall.
The altitude alerter (an audible horn) will go off if we stray from the selected altitude by 250 ft or more, and it's about the same amount of deviation that's going to get the attention of a controller and prompt that bone chilling query, "Delta 123, say your altitude." (It really does tighten the old sphincter to hear that one.)
Of course, the autopilot will never stray by this amount. When we hand fly, we'll probably allow ourselves +/- 50' at the most, but it's sloppy to wallow around an altitude and most guys will be keeping it right on the number.
The Radar Altimeter will start indicating when we're within 2500 ft of the ground and sometimes will activate if a plane flies directly under us...we get an echo off that plane and the RA will read 1000 or 2000 depending on the plane's relative altitude. At touchdown, the RA indicates 0 or -2 ft, so I guess you could say it's the distance measured from the mains but, of course, that's not where it's located; it's just calibrated that way.