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Originally Posted by antialias
Do the calculations on the costs and time this would take. The numbers are staggering (particularly when compared to how cheaply and quickly you can create charging infarstructure)
That's an order of magnitude in time (time is a luxury we no longer have, BTW) and nearly 2 orders of magnitude(!) in cost if you only electrify interstate roads. For the same utility.
That makes zero fiscal and ecological sense.
It should be obvious that scaling up batteries to the order you are implying will simply not work, not environmentally, not economically. Simply not possible. What I proposed will alleviate most of that concern. Unless you go with hydrogen cells or some other technology to reduce battery development you are asking for a nightmare scenario.
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Power is from the grid. You're not hooked up to a particular powerplant (or does your power go out every night?). The majority of future powerplants will be PV and wind.
Wind is unreliable, and damaging to the environment. NIMBYs don't want them. In some places they make sense, but reliance on wind is folly.
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Particularly for wind we need a consumer at night to avoid having to shut them down or building costly storage infrastructure. Cars with batteries are an ideal match for this (and could, with V2G, even be used in reverse as partial grid storage. Further decreasing the cost of grid decarbonisation).
Work out the numbers, it doesn't add up.
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Passenger miles driven are an order of magnitude(!) larger than trucking miles.
Trucking and delivery take up per unit much more wattage than passenger cars. And the trend is to rely less on passenger vehicles with rail, electric buses, HOV, etc. Aggregate, commercial freight vehicles consume almost half the energy of passenger vehicles.
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And what do you do when you have an outage/road damage? Close down an interstate for a week? Leave all cars stranded?
Underground utility electrical wiring has been in place for decades. It is safe and reliable, probably an order of magnitude more safe and reliable compared to overhead lines.
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What ecological damage? (particularly compared to oil). And please don't say 'Bolivia' - because they don't export any lithium at all (and haven't done so for many years). That's just FUD.
You realize there are limits to battery resources, right? And the resources are from troubled places, right?
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Batteries can be recycled to a good degree. Once market saturation is reached the annual added demand is quite low.
So you recycle 1% of the needed demand for the next 30 years. How does that help?
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And no - you wouldn't be producing 100x batteries, because the cars on e-roads would need quite substantial batteries, anyhow, for all travel off interstate roads. At best you could cut the needed battery capacity in half. Unless you want to electrify all roads in which case we're not talking two orders of magnitude more cost but four (and 2 orders of magnitude in time not just one)
Development will take time, probably on the order of 20-30 years. The need for batteries will not grow nearly as much as what your model requires. 10% of the roads cover 80-90% of road mileage. And that is without weighting large trucks, which use about 1% of the roads but consume about 25% of the aggregate energy. Simply improving I-15 from LA-Vegas and I-10 from LA-Phoenix would take a huge bite off of energy consumption for those areas.
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E-Roads is one of those concepts that looks really good on paper (similar to kinetic energy storage). But once you crunch the numbers you quickly find out how ludicrously inefficient and unworkable it is compared to a much more readily available approach.
Roads as they are used today have functional limits for several reasons. With FSD and direct power many of those functional limits are removed. Wherever you are getting your numbers (and environmental info) seem to be ways off, such as passenger vehicle and commercial freight energy consumed. You need to consider how new roads will be able to be used, societal benefits of safe utility wiring, technological benefits of reliable power, health benefits of safer driving, time benefits of getting products sooner and cheaper, and environmental benefits of using resources more efficiently.
Engineers are now working on the best ways to incorporate required features into new road construction. Adding features such as underground utility routing, road sensors, and other FSD requirements will add significant economic and functional benefits that will last past their useful lives.