Something else you could do in addition to search/content marketing is to go directly to publishers who rank well for local search terms. For example this site
http://www.atlantagolfer.com/ is number two for Atlanta golf and has Adwords ads on the site. By approaching the site owner directly you could meet in the middle between the price that you would pay through Google and the 68% cut that the publisher gets. You may have to play around with the Display Network ads to get an idea of how much is a fair price, however.
Another pretty good opportunity is that this completely
useless page from Demand Media ranks second for "atlanta golf lessons" and they offer self serve ads/use Adsense. I don't know how well you'd be able to limit it to that specific page, but I imagine a lot of visitors that come looking for golf lessons would click your ad a lot when the rest of the page is an irrelevant golf club directory.
Your niches are pretty small, so I don't know if you'd be able to find place to target just juniors or just people looking for club fitting through direct ad buys, but if the price is right it could be worthwhile.