Quote:
Originally Posted by rickroll
my best advice is to read arrian - he is the original autist who starts up his work with a lengthy passage about his methodologies and motivations
all the works on alexander preceding him are lost to history - but that doesn't matter to much because arrian is very clear that they all tell very different versions of events
he tells us in his introduction that he's tired of all the confusion over who alexander was and what he did so he decided to read all the works and piece together his own version based upon them where he'd pick and choose the parts from each text that he thought was the most legit - so his version is just a frankenstory
he also makes it very clear that you need to accept that alexander was a god, otherwise none of what he accomplished could possibly make any sense, and no, he's not speaking rhetorically, he means it, he regularly calls back to dionysus and hercules not as mythological characters but as actual historical figures as they too were greeks who had conquered asia - because there's countless greek tales of greeks conquering asia - so there's a long history of these kinds of stories, and we can easily dismiss hercules and dionysus as not real given they are introduced as gods and children of gods but now suddenly alexander gets all this "nuh uh he's 100% legit because he was born a prince god, not just a god"
and lastly, arrian is very clear that he feels that it is his duty as a greek to write this book to better glorify the greeks
he also says that whenever he was unsure of who's version of events to follow, he defaulted to ptolemy, his reason being that since that guy was a king, he was therefore more honorable than the other writers
so you can see where we're getting already and that's just from the introduction
alexander was a super popular folktale for all of history, there's even versions of his father being a wizard who turned into a dragon to bang his mom
here's a medieval depiction of that story
now most of the real crazy stuff on him is from the medieval period but you get the idea, he's always been a central focus in fantasy and mythology as even the "good sources" we have regularly talk about physically impossible things, they'll suppose to know exact details of intimate conversations by a campfire and yet can't even specify when a major event occured so they are fast and loose with the timelines - further reinforcing it's very much a tale based on how cinematic it would be not as one to document history
there's tales of him going underwater
he has very much been treated as a comic book character throughout the vast majority of history, it was only the roman period where he was taken very seriously and then again in the 19th century when brits had so much wealth and free time they found themselves drawn to the classics to kill their idle hours
the earliest concrete stuff that we have on him is at least 300 years after his death, yes there are many coins with alexander the great but they are all from later generations, as with any artwork, documents, etc - there's some contemporary stuff that's been linked to him but it's all circumstantial, ie there is a babylonian inscription and an egyptian one attributed to him but it's also very much a choose your own adventure kind of circumstantial evidence that wouldn't even hold up as well as the evidence provided by a 9/11 truther
as you can see it's very much of a "oh they must be talking about alexander here where they use vague pronouns"
anything that does mention him by name is fleeting and all discovered during the 19th century, a time when archaeology was done by wealthy hobbyist and forgeries were common because it just takes one bad apple to want to come home with a big discovery to brag about at their garden parties
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priene...nder_the_Great
now i'm not saying the above is a forgery, just noting that anything found by victorian era brits should be given a little bit of scrutiny - afterall they "found" troy 3 separate times because each time someone "found it" someone else later found another set of ruins which better fit the description - ie they were setting out with a goal in mind and gosh darn it they were going to find what they set out for - the current accepted version of troy by the way has literally zero evidence supporting it is indeed troy other than it has ruins which fit a plausible timeline
i obviously think he was real - but there's nothing we can attribute to him with any actual certainty
my best guess is he was part of a series of greeks who conquered as far as afghanistan (the evidence of greek dominated kingdoms is powerful, the evidence of alexander not so much), possibly over a period of several generations and he was perhaps the one who played the largest role and it just became easier as a storytelling device to attribute everything to him - our knowledge is quite scant, ie we know the greco-bactrian empire was part of the seleucid empire that broke off but we don't know when that happened, we can narrow it down to a range where we can guess it happened within a certain 10 year span but we really don't know any details about much of anything from that time and stuff like that was well over a generation after alexander had died
the most famous successor states of the seleucids and ptolemies have very little information and the earliest document found on it was from polybius who was contemporary but also wasn't writing until it'd been around for at least a century and a half
and importantly, polybius glossed over alexander the great, barely even mentions him despite that he was the entire reason for having these other hellenic kingdoms which existed during his time and which he focused a great deal upon - it just doesn't add up and feeds more credibility to the idea that alexander was blown up significantly by later writers
I think there is significant amount of historical corroboration. We don’t have a lot of the direct texts but that’s not really surprising either because that tended to happen a lot. I think it’s really hard when you apply this sort of epistemology to ancient history, because you are pretty much left doubting every single historical figure exists. I mean there is probably a lot more historical corroboration for the work of Alexander the Great than the work of Jesus. We really don’t have many contemporary inscriptions of even Jesus’s birthplace, and we barely have any mention of him until Paul writes about him a decade or so after his death.
Yes we are missing the contemporaneous accounts, but they are referenced by later sources and also we have inscriptions and even a Babylonian daily accounting that mentions his passing on the day he died. Plus without him it’s hard to explain a lot of the cross cultural exchange that happens around that time period.
I actually think that if you are not a global historical figure skeptic any rigor you apply to Alexander the Great can’t be uniformly applied to other figures throughout history without coming across as arbitrary if you accept those other figures.