1/2, 450 eff., Villain is playing much too loose, but is pretty smart post flop and has been getting away with it

Oldish guy in EP raises to 12, I call from cutoff with AQ, BTN calls, V calls in big blind.

Flop (48): AQ2

V checks, EP checks, I bet 30, BTN calls, V calls, EP folds.

Turn (140): 4

V checks, I bet 70, fold, V makes it 170.

The raise was a bit surprising, I hadn't yet seen V make such a large raise, except once earlier when he had a set. I think I have to fold here. Or I shouldn't be calling and then folding river. His range is just so ****ing narrow. Like... 22, maybe A4 or A2, I kind of doubt 44 and doubt very much 35 suited or offsuit. Qx ss is possible of course, but I haven't seen him get aggressive with draws (yet, so idk).

I removed the last line of your post as I think it will heavily bias what people respond with.

I'd call the turn.

It can take some time to see anybody reraising draw.
I would call turn and nonspade river. Btw the argument that we cannot call turn and then fold river is usually wrong.

And then what are you doing on various rivers (assuming he shoves)?

If it's a spade then I think it's a pretty easy fold, but even if it's not a spade, it's very rare to see someone making this huge a bluff, especially a villain who has been pretty conservative postflop so far. I also kind of doubt he's shoving worse for value on the river.

If I call I feel like I'm just hoping V will check river, because if he shoves I'm probably folding.

What do you think your image is to V? To me this is really important.

By your brief description of V, I would think his range is KJ, K10, A2, A4, 22, and 53 (along with potentially some complete bluffs) but I'm probably discounting 53 (especially off suit) because even for a loose player that is a pretty bad call pre-flop.

With that range, folding seems pretty bad because there are 6 combos of A2, 6 combos of A4, 3 combos of 22, and lets say 4 combos of 53s, along with KJ and K10. We're ahead of 14 of those combos and behind 7.

So to me the question is whether to move all in or to just call. I think I would move all in so as to get value from A2 and A4 before a flush card could come. You also charge the combo flush draws and should price them out. Now if you think V would continue to bluff his missed combo draws on the river then there is an argument to flatting turn.

Not folding. You need to toss some combos of AK in the mix.

With a loose caller in the BB - I think we have to widen ranges quite a bit. For sure A4/A2ss/22/Qxss/AQ/AK? You are way ahead of most of this range...I'd even be tempted to shove right here - and hopefully get paid off from the suited and 2p hands. Even the few combos that are ahead of you 22(3) - you have some equity.