Please help me how to correctly refer to the following player flaws:
(as I am not a native speaker)

Type 1:

Betting so much with strong hands that only stronger hands can ever call.
Examples:
- 3-barreling AA on 987xx rainbow board
- barreling on with a set when an obvious straight/flush (or even 4 to it) comes in
- 3-betting an underfull on the river

Is this overvaluing or overplaying or both?

Type 2:

Raising the virtual nuts so that no draws can ever call ("protecting my hand")
Examples:
- 10x-ing a preflop raise with KK (to avoid A on flop)
- Raising the Turn with trips when a BD flushdraw comes in.
- jamming 1.5pot on dry flop with top pair or better

I always had the impression that this should be called overplaying, but people use that term for different things. So what do we call this?

Type 3:

Frequently calling 2 barrels with 2nd pair or A high.

Should be over-calling, but that term is also used for a second caller of a bet.

Type 4:

Bluffing too much.
This should be easy. Just calling it over-bluffing

Type 5:
Can you think of other scenarios/uses of the words overplay/overvalue or of other terms?

Type three I think would usually be called a calling station, stationy, sticky, showdown bound, a non believer etc. Over-valuing also works.

Overplaying involves a bet, over-valuing involves a call. That's how I'd separate those. So one and two over playing.

I think?

Most people are going to understand what you mean based on context either way. They're basically interchangeable terms.

Overplaying is a specific subtype of overvaluing, involving betting/raising too much.

The Type 2 thing doesn't have a name, as far as I'm aware, but probably should.

3 is "stationing" or similar.