In life I have a slight anger management issue. I have done for a long time and will likely always have it but I have slowly got it better controlled overy time. I view poker tilt in the same way and I have found my strategies for dealing with one have helped me with the other.
There are two observations that I have found to be key to understsnding my anger and my poker tilt:
1) Personalising injustice - someone treats me like **** in life or owns/bad-beats me in poker. Rather than look at it rationally I become personally offended and that causes rage or tilt.
2) Once rage/tilt takes hold it is too late to do anything about it but walk away till I calm down.
So, for me at least, the solution to both rage and tilt is preparedness.
I have to start the day/session actively thinking kind thoughts and respecting every person/player. I try to wish them all well and tell myself they all have their reasons for behaving/playing as they do. The important thing is their reasons do not include "being bad people" or "wanting to cross me to show me they are better/tougher/smarter than me". Their reasons are all personal to them, stemming from their own lIves and are nothing to do with me. To become upset by their behaviour is as irational as becoming upset by events that are outside our control - like the nature of the flop.
Then I have to continue this way of thinking throughout the day/session. While ever I consciously respect others, wish them well and take no personal offence at their behaviour I remain calm and rational and the rage/tilt has no place to start.
If I stop thinking about others and descend into my selfish little world where every thought process starts and ends with me and what I want then I inevitably interpret every setback as a personal affront and that opens the door to rage and tilt. In this mode of thinking it is only a matter of time before an event or behaviour occurs that tips me into a rage. It is like driving faster than I can stop in the distance I can see to be clear. I may negotiate many corners and bends without incident but eventually there will be an obstruction in the road and I'll have no choice but to crash straight into it.
Mike Carro recommends that you hope your opponent wins every time you get in a pot. It sounds daft but basically it is a good way to ward of tilt by actively reminding yourself in each and every hand that your opponent is your equal and deserves respect. They might have better/worse equity, stronger/weaker grasp of the game or better/worse emotional control than you but they brought their money to the table, they got dealt some cards and they are going to win some pots and lose some pots just like you are. Most importantly, regardless of any other differences; you and they both love the game. So enjoy it and be happy for others when they enjoy it, even when it is at your expense!
You can replace rage with fear or any other emotion you might feel. I only know calm or rage because I'm an old fashioned man and all other emotions are anathema to my ludicrous macho ego