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How do people STILL believe in a soul? How do people STILL believe in a soul?

06-19-2012 , 09:19 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by Nsight7
If it were proven that we had souls (not the sort the simply delineates between living and non-living things, but the more conventional religious sort), then sure, I would NOT be an atheist. The problem is that proof is synonymous with being necessarily within science and withing the purview of scientific experimentation. Essentially, for the soul to be proven, it would have to be scientifically demonstrable. How can it have been proven if it can't be objectively demonstrated (or even at shown to be scientifically necessary by some other property of exclusion of ALL other alternatives, a near impossibility for a variety of reasons) to everyone?
You need to read the entire exchange between augie and me. I was only saying that an incorporeal soul is difficult to reconcile with atheism. He argued that it is easy, it would only require the soul to be proven. Then I argued that if the soul were proven, he would probably no longer be an atheist, so my point was intact.

I agree that even if there is a soul, it is actually quite possible for science to be unable to detect it.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 09:21 PM
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Originally Posted by DonkDonkDonkDonk
it wouldn't prove that there is a god
True. But that was not my question. My question was, would it change your confidence in atheism?
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 09:23 PM
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Originally Posted by RLK
You need to read the entire exchange between augie and me. I was only saying that an incorporeal soul is difficult to reconcile with atheism. He argued that it is easy, it would only require the soul to be proven. Then I argued that if the soul were proven, he would probably no longer be an atheist, so my point was intact.

I agree that even if there is a soul, it is actually quite possible for science to be unable to detect it.
I gotcha. And to be fair, it still might NOT convince me to lose the atheism, but it would put a pretty heavy dent in my worldview.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 09:27 PM
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Originally Posted by BenT07891
The soul idea is a easily testable hypothesis. Science can be used to prove or disprove it. If there is a soul, then no amount of physical damage (i.e. blunt trauma to the head, bacterial/viral infections of the brain, mind altering drugs, act), should affect one's consciousness, memory, and personality.

On the other hand, if there is no soul, that means one's personality, memory, consciousness, basically everything that makes a person a person, is due to material forces. This means material change or damage to the brain should change a person's personality and memory.

Now, like I said, this is easily testable. We can't take some people, randomly assign them to two groups, and give one group a brain damaging drug and the other a placebo. But we can look at accidents that have already happened.

The results: No soul. Material damage to the brain changes one's personality and all things previously thought to be associated with the soul. For example:

1. Persistant vegetative state. With this condition, damage occurs to the brain but the person is still alive, yet their personality is literally "gone". The person has disappeared. Yet they can move, eat, breath, ect.

2. Alzheimer's disease. Plaques build up in the brain and the victim loses memory and forgets who they are.

3. Drugs like alcohol change a person's personality to extroversion and light heartedness.

4. Drug overdose can permanently make someone "******ed".

The list goes on and on. The soul has been disproved.
I don't think one can prove the existence of the soul. The problem is that if the soul doesn't exist then materialism must be true, and as C.S. Lewis and Victor Reppert have shown by the argument from reason, materialism is self-refuting. Therefore, if materialism is false, some form of dualism must be true.
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06-19-2012 , 09:29 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
If it were proven that you did have a soul, would you still be an atheist?

Don't answer too quickly, think about it. It is proven somehow that there is a spiritual soul, independent of the physical world and immortal. Outside of science and perhaps inaccessible to scientific experiments, but certain to exist. Atheism still sounds good to you?
it's unthinkable that the soul could be proven outside of science and experiments. science is the only way we prove anything.

if it were proven that the immortal soul exists it wouldn't convince me theism is true. i think it would be strong evidence for reincarnation too. and we already know that reincarnation is true for our individual atoms.

theism could be proven true pretty easily without proving the soul but since the abrahamic god is an idiot he prefers to play cosmic hide and seek instead of revealing himself to the world like he revealed himself to abraham.
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06-19-2012 , 09:35 PM
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Originally Posted by augie_
it's unthinkable that the soul could be proven outside of science and experiments. science is the only way we prove anything.
This statement is obviously untrue. The square root of two is irrational, proven by mathematics without any experiments.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 09:38 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
This statement is obviously untrue. The square root of two is irrational, proven by mathematics without any experiments.
mathematics is a science...
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 09:39 PM
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Originally Posted by NotReady
I don't think one can prove the existence of the soul. The problem is that if the soul doesn't exist then materialism must be true, and as C.S. Lewis and Victor Reppert have shown by the argument from reason, materialism is self-refuting. Therefore, if materialism is false, some form of dualism must be true.
I would rather not have this discussion derailed, but for others reading on the subject, here's a Critical Review of Victor Reppert's Defense of the Argument from Reason.
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06-19-2012 , 09:46 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
True. But that was not my question. My question was, would it change your confidence in atheism?
yes, but i wouldn't be signing up as a theist either.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 09:56 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by augie_
mathematics is a science...
Lol. I am done for tonight. Time for a glass of scotch. It cannot get any better.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 10:04 PM
i bet aaron will agree with me. at the very least i bet he would agree that they are identical in the rigor used to deal with the idea of proof.

edit: if anything mathematics is much more stringent than science regarding proof, so even if you want to declare them different, i don't really care.

hopefully you can name another branch of knowledge that will be used to prove the soul because i'll take both math and science!

Last edited by augie_; 06-19-2012 at 10:16 PM.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 10:05 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
Lol. I am done for tonight. Time for a glass of scotch. It cannot get any better.
I don't think it's quite as clear cut as you're making it out to be (btw I don't feel strongly one way or another on this issue, and generally despise getting into semantics)

Quote:
...Let me ask a question. Did Dirac invent his equation, or did he discover it? If we claim he invented it, because nature subsequently obeyed Dirac's equation and in ways no one could have expected, this must make Dirac God. But Dirac isn't God, therefore he discovered his equation. If Dirac discovered his equation, where did he find it? He found it in nature. For the entire history of the universe, Dirac's equation lay as an undiscovered treasure in the bosom of nature, until Dirac happened upon it.

Conclusion? Nature is innately mathematical, and she speaks to us in mathematics. We only have to listen.

Because nature is mathematical, any science that intends to describe nature is completely dependent on mathematics. It is impossible to overemphasize this point, and it is why Carl Friedrich Gauss called mathematics "the queen of the sciences."
http://www.arachnoid.com/is_math_a_science/index.html

Last edited by asdfasdf32; 06-19-2012 at 10:12 PM.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 10:12 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by BenT07891

Now, like I said, this is easily testable. We can't take some people, randomly assign them to two groups, and give one group a brain damaging drug and the other a placebo. But we can look at accidents that have already happened.

The results: No soul. Material damage to the brain changes one's personality and all things previously thought to be associated with the soul. For example:

1. Persistant vegetative state. With this condition, damage occurs to the brain but the person is still alive, yet their personality is literally "gone". The person has disappeared. Yet they can move, eat, breath, ect.

2. Alzheimer's disease. Plaques build up in the brain and the victim loses memory and forgets who they are.

3. Drugs like alcohol change a person's personality to extroversion and light heartedness.

4. Drug overdose can permanently make someone "******ed".

The list goes on and on. The soul has been disproved.
This is no more true than saying smashing your tv with a sledge hammer will kill godzilla forever.

These things you list tamper with the body which carries the soul, or if you want to say the filter we see other's souls through (their bodies).

If you bash someones' head in their soul remains untouched. The vehicle, however, can be broken.

The soul hypothesis can never be tested, afterlife can never be touched by science. It can't be touched by man.

Face life without reflecting on it...theres a scary thought.
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06-19-2012 , 10:16 PM
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Originally Posted by newguy1234
This is no more true than saying smashing your tv with a sledge hammer will kill godzilla forever.
If it's an invisible ethereal Godzilla then you're right.

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These things you list tamper with the body which carries the soul, or if you want to say the filter we see other's souls through (their bodies).
How do you know?

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If you bash someones' head in their soul remains untouched. The vehicle, however, can be broken.
How do you know?

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The soul hypothesis can never be tested, afterlife can never be touched by science. It can't be touched by man.
How do you know?
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 10:30 PM
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Originally Posted by BTirish
In Catholic philosophy and theology, which is heavily influenced by the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas, it is first important to note that "soul" just means, following Aristotelian philosophy, the principle that makes a living thing alive. This is how the ancient Greeks defined psyche, and this is why even materialists like the Atomists acknowledged the soul, because they recognized the distinction between living things and non-living things.

For the Atomists, the soul was just a collection of atoms--made of the same material stuff as the body, in accordance with their strict materialism. For Aristotle, by contrast, a soul is the substantial form of a living thing, i.e., the principle that makes a living thing to be what it is, to be of an essentially different kind from non-living things. The evidence, for Aristotle, that living things are essentially different from non-living things is that living things perform activities that non-living things do not, such as reproduction and sense awareness.

The point is that "soul" doesn't have to mean an immaterial substance distinct from the body--everyone's comments here seem to assume that anyone who believes in the soul is a substance dualist.
I think the Atomists shouldn't not be using the word soul then. Soul's definition should include the word immaterial.
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06-19-2012 , 10:37 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by asdfasdf32
If it's an invisible ethereal Godzilla then you're right.
I'm talking about how a child or a caveman might think that godzilla is 'in' the tv.

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How do you know?
Even if I didn't 'know' the test could not prove a soul doesn't exist.


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How do you know?
Not my thread to derail though.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-19-2012 , 10:51 PM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
In the interest of having this thread be something more than a bunch of atheists cheering for each each other, I will respond from the point of view of a theist who does believe that there is a soul.

The OP has a number of points that I would consider simply incorrect or at least poorly constructed. The soul is of course a difficult concept to define but I will give at least one example that I think captures part of the problem. Imagine that I construct a computer that is programmed to completely reproduce my response to any situation but does not have a "self-awareness". By "self-awareness" I do not mean that it cannot utilize a reflection in a mirror or answer a question relating to self-awareness in the manner that I do. What I mean is that when untested, it does not have the spark within it that is aware that it exists in the way that I do. The difference between that computer and me, is the soul. The problem for the scientist is "How would you distinguish between those two entities?" As it has already been stipulated that the computer will produce the same response as me to any stimulus, I would submit that you cannot. Thus, science is ultimately unable to answer the question of the existence of the soul.

Your list of "proofs" that the soul does not exist are simply without content. You have not tied any of them to the presence or absence of a soul. I am not even sure why you listed them. Perhaps if you pick one out and really dive into what it tells you, we could have a discussion.
Again, to make sure we're on the same page, I define soul as "the immaterial part of a person or living thing that contribute's to the person in some way (e.g. personality or emotions or memories)". If there is a soul, in my mind, this is how it would work. It is something that constantly "works", invisibly since its immaterial, to cause a person to have a personality and self awareness while he/she is alive on Earth. It does not have to be something that causes, say, one to switch to REM sleep or to involuntarily jerk one's hand away from a hot stove. These can have physical causes. But personality cannot have an entirely physical cause if there exists a soul. Upon physical death, this is how someone continues existing, by the immaterial soul (notice if you don't include "immaterial" in soul's definition, then you can't believe in life after death).


Anyway, I would say that the difference between you and that computer is not the soul. The difference is that you have more complex material stuff than the computer, and this extra stuff is what is responsible for your self awareness compared to the computer. If you add enough physical stuff (e.g. circuits, wires, act) to that computer, there will come a point where that computer becomes "aware" in the same way you are aware. It might take a lot of stuff, so much stuff that it may take millions of years of advances in artificial intelligence for that point to be reached (we humans have 85,000,000,000 neurons).
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06-20-2012 , 11:06 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by BenT07891
Again, to make sure we're on the same page, I define soul as "the immaterial part of a person or living thing that contribute's to the person in some way (e.g. personality or emotions or memories)". If there is a soul, in my mind, this is how it would work. It is something that constantly "works", invisibly since its immaterial, to cause a person to have a personality and self awareness while he/she is alive on Earth. It does not have to be something that causes, say, one to switch to REM sleep or to involuntarily jerk one's hand away from a hot stove. These can have physical causes. But personality cannot have an entirely physical cause if there exists a soul. Upon physical death, this is how someone continues existing, by the immaterial soul (notice if you don't include "immaterial" in soul's definition, then you can't believe in life after death).


Anyway, I would say that the difference between you and that computer is not the soul. The difference is that you have more complex material stuff than the computer, and this extra stuff is what is responsible for your self awareness compared to the computer. If you add enough physical stuff (e.g. circuits, wires, act) to that computer, there will come a point where that computer becomes "aware" in the same way you are aware. It might take a lot of stuff, so much stuff that it may take millions of years of advances in artificial intelligence for that point to be reached (we humans have 85,000,000,000 neurons).
I have no problem with the first paragraph. That seems reasonable.

My problem is with the second paragraph. The bold statement is not proven. It is a belief. It is simply another way to say "I believe there is no soul". There is certainly no way at present to prove that it is true and it may well be that there is no way ever to prove that it is true. Once the computer is complex enough to produce behavior indistinguishable from a human, there is no test that will differentiate between a computer that is "aware" and one that is not.
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-20-2012 , 11:13 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
I have no problem with the first paragraph. That seems reasonable.

My problem is with the second paragraph. The bold statement is not proven. It is a belief. It is simply another way to say "I believe there is no soul". There is certainly no way at present to prove that it is true and it may well be that there is no way ever to prove that it is true. Once the computer is complex enough to produce behavior indistinguishable from a human, there is no test that will differentiate between a computer that is "aware" and one that is not.
Agreed. So it would seem the soul is wholly unnecessary, no?
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06-20-2012 , 11:20 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
Once the computer is complex enough to produce behavior indistinguishable from a human, there is no test that will differentiate between a computer that is "aware" and one that is not.
I don't think the consequence of your statement being true implies what you think it implies.
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06-20-2012 , 11:21 AM
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Originally Posted by asdfasdf32
Agreed. So it would seem the soul is wholly unnecessary, no?
Not at all.

There is no physical theory that explains how my mind is endowed with self-awareness. The soul is an explanation.

Given the situation which you have acknowledged, there will never be a physical explanation of how my mind is endowed with self-awareness. Therefore the soul will forever be a viable explanation.

The only experiment that can distinguish between these cases is death. I will await that inevitable resolution.
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06-20-2012 , 11:23 AM
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Originally Posted by RLK
Not at all.

There is no physical theory that explains how my mind is endowed with self-awareness. The soul is an explanation.

Given the situation which you have acknowledged, there will never be a physical explanation of how my mind is endowed with self-awareness. Therefore the soul will forever be a viable explanation.

The only experiment that can distinguish between these cases is death. I will await that inevitable resolution.
Isn't this just an argument from ignorance?
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06-20-2012 , 11:24 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
There is no physical theory that explains how my mind is endowed with self-awareness. The soul is an explanation.
we can't explain it; let's make something up

religion in a nutshell.

here's an interesting question: once we invent an artificial intelligence that's as smart as or exceeds humans, would it be immoral to turn the computer off?
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-20-2012 , 11:45 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by RLK
I have no problem with the first paragraph. That seems reasonable.

My problem is with the second paragraph. The bold statement is not proven. It is a belief. It is simply another way to say "I believe there is no soul". There is certainly no way at present to prove that it is true and it may well be that there is no way ever to prove that it is true. Once the computer is complex enough to produce behavior indistinguishable from a human, there is no test that will differentiate between a computer that is "aware" and one that is not.
Really, I have a robot in mind rather than a computer. And there IS a test to differentiate between self awareness and non-self awareness. Place a mark on the robot's forehead. Then place the robot in front of a mirror. If the robot touches the mark while looking in the mirror, it is self aware. If not, it is not self aware.

Simple test. Used currently to see which animal species are self aware (I know for certain Chimpanzees have passed the test successfully, they are self aware).
How do people STILL believe in a soul? Quote
06-20-2012 , 11:51 AM
Quote:
Originally Posted by BenT07891
Really, I have a robot in mind rather than a computer. And there IS a test to differentiate between self awareness and non-self awareness. Place a mark on the robot's forehead. Then place the robot in front of a mirror. If the robot touches the mark while looking in the mirror, it is self aware. If not, it is not self aware.

Simple test. Used currently to see which animal species are self aware (I know for certain Chimpanzees have passed the test successfully, they are self aware).
I think RLK is using self aware to mean something slightly different than the way you're using it. I mean, we could probably program a robot to pass the test you're describing now. We would only need some sort of 'robot facial recognition' software, and then program the robot to touch anything on its face that did/didn't meet certain specifications. We would probably have to program in something that compared its own movements with the mirrored movements so it could differentiate between a reflection and an identical robot.
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