sometimes you lose pots - as long as you played your hand well vs their ranges, i wouldn't worry about it too much - it's easy to drift toward results-orientedness

Do you think I played the hand well against his range? I'm starting to come to the conclusion that preflop was incorrect, but postflop was fine (and would have been fine even if we went 3 bets OTT and he showed up with KK)

yep, remember you are playing vs everyone's ranges, not just the one dude. preflop you have an easy 3bet for value multiway. then you flopped a set post and jammed it. easy peasy.